The present document of Human Rights Watch (HRW) focusses on the situation in Aceh, Indonesia, with regard to the issue of fair trial. HRW states that the scale of torture and the failure of due process documented in this report makes it clear that these are systemic failures, not just the acts of rogue soldiers and police or untrained, poorly resourced judges and prosecutors. In addition HRW says that persons arrested must have immediate access to counsel, which may be delayed only because of exceptional circumstances as set out by law. The right to counsel includes the right to effective, qualified counsel who will represent the defendant’s interests and fully advocate on their behalf.